Nara Pref. Round mound

Tomio Maruyama Kofun

LocationNara Pref.
ShapeRound mound
Mound length109 m
PeriodLate 4th c.

Overview

Round mound ~109m in diameter in Nara City — Japan's largest round kofun and a National Historic Site (designated 2022). Dated to the late 4th century. In 2023, a serpentine sword (2.37m, Japan's longest) and a shield-shaped bronze mirror (1.26m, Japan's largest) were recovered, making global headlines. These finds represent the pinnacle of iron and bronze working in ancient Japan and testify to the extraordinary authority of the occupant. Finds are exhibited on a rotating basis at the Nara City Buried Cultural Property Research Center.

Finds & research

Serpentine iron sword (2.37m, the longest in Japan) and shield-shaped bronze mirror (1.26m, the largest in Japan), both from the projecting platform area. The main burial chamber (interior of the round section) remains unexcavated.

Two views on the occupant

Archaeological view
Round mound approximately 109m in diameter in Maruyama, Nara City — the largest round kofun in Japan. Dated to the late 4th century (Early Kofun period). In February 2023, a serpentine sword (2.37m, the longest in Japan) and a shield-shaped bronze mirror (1.26m, the largest in Japan) were excavated near the projecting platform area, attracting worldwide attention. The mirror displays complex decoration (inner-flower, pearl, and arc patterns), attesting to exceptional metalworking skill; the serpentine sword is a rare ritual form with few parallels. The occupant is unknown but presumed a powerful chief affiliated with the Yamato polity. Much of the interior remains unexcavated, and further discoveries are expected.
Imperial Household Agency view
Not designated by the IHA. Designated a National Historic Site in December 2022. Managed by Nara City.

Field notes

The February 2023 discovery of the serpentine sword and mirror — unprecedented in both scale and craftsmanship — was widely covered by NHK and international media. Nara City is continuing excavations in the surrounding area. About 15 min on foot from Kintetsu Tomio Station. The mound is relatively well preserved despite changes to surrounding terrain from agricultural reclamation. The Nara City Buried Cultural Property Research Center holds special exhibitions of the finds; check before visiting. As the largest round kofun in Japan, it is a rare example of a grand circular mound built during an era when keyhole and scallop-shell mounds dominated — attracting considerable scholarly interest.

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Sources

奈良市教育委員会奈良市埋蔵文化財調査センター文化庁NHKWikipedia

Related kofun

Sugawara-no-Fushimi-Nishi-no-Misasagi (30m) Saki-Hyotanyama Kofun (96m) Shiozuka Kofun (105m)
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