★ World HeritageHabikino / Fujiidera, OsakaKeyhole-shaped mound
Tsudoshiroyama Kofun
Location
Habikino / Fujiidera, Osaka
Shape
Keyhole-shaped mound
Mound length
208 m
Period
Late 4th c.
World Heritage
Mozu-Furuichi Kofun Group (UNESCO)
Overview
The oldest large keyhole mound in the Furuichi group (208m). Late-4th-century construction with three-tiered mound and double moats. Managed by the IHA as an imperial reference site. Constituent monument of the "Mozu-Furuichi Kofun Group" UNESCO WHS (2019). The element "Shiroyama" (castle hill) in the name reflects medieval use of the mound as a hilltop fortification—a nationwide pattern in which ancient burial mounds were repurposed as defensive sites.
Finds & research
Multiple confirmatory surveys by Fujiidera City Board of Education have verified three-tier construction, stone paving, haniwa arrangement, and moat details. Cylindrical and figural haniwa (including house-shaped) have been recovered. Jasper bracelet-type artifacts, iron objects, and mirrors are traditionally recorded though details are unclear. Interior excavation remains prohibited as an IHA reference site.
Two views on the occupant
Archaeological view
The oldest large keyhole mound in the Furuichi group, dated to the late 4th century (c. 370–380s). 208m long, three-tiered construction with double moats. Haniwa typology—including special pedestal-form and jar-shaped haniwa—supports a late-4th-century date. As the leading candidate for the earliest royal mound in the Furuichi group, it marks the stage when the Yamato polity first extended its burial ground onto the Furuichi plateau, approximately 50 years before the great 5th-century mausolea (Konda Gobyoyama 425m, Nakatsuyama 290m). Recognized as the "first generation" anchor of the Furuichi group.
Imperial Household Agency view
Designated by the IHA as "Fujiidera Ryobo Sankochi" (Fujiidera Imperial Reference Site), a designation indicating possible but unconfirmed imperial connection. The oldest large mound in the Furuichi group, managed for its historical significance. Entry is restricted, but part of the moat (lotus pond) is accessible and beloved by local residents.
Field notes
The moat is famous as the "Fujiidera Lotus Pond," where beautiful lotus blossoms appear each summer (July–August), making this archaeological site also a beloved nature-viewing destination. Amid surrounding residential development, the lotus pond and ancient greenery create a peaceful urban oasis. Nearest station: Kintetsu Minami-Osaka Line Hajino-Sato (~7 min walk).